2. While still a student, she played roles in many plays. 还在上小学时.她就在许多戏剧中扮演角色。
(1) While still a student & While she was still a student的省略形式。如果复合句中的状语从句用了“主语十 be十名词(形容词,分词)”结构,且主从句主语一致(或从句主语是it)时,可省略从句主语和动词be,而只保留从句中的其他部分。又:
Water will boil when heated. 水加热就会开。(省略了 it is)
I'11 repeat it several times, if necessary. 如果有必要,我可以重复好几遍。(省略了 it is)
(2) play roles/a role扮演角色,起作用。如:Keanu Reeves played leading roles in many films. 基努’里维斯在许多电影中扮演主角。
He played an important role in the research. 他在研究中起了重要作用。
ng the 1980s and 1990s she won many more prizes在二十世纪八十年代和九十年代,他获得了更多奖项。
l)年代的表示法:the加上整十位数的复数形式 ( twenties 20s/20's; thirties 30s/30' s; forties 40s/40' s; fifties 50s/50' s :
These books were written in the 1830s( 1830's) . 这些书写于十九世纪三十年代。
某人“几十几岁的表示法:物主代词his,my,her,their等加上整十位数的复数形式。如:
He went to America for further education in his twenties. '他二十几岁时去美国深造。
2) many more和much more的区别
many more修饰复数名词much more修饰不可数名词。如:I have many more books than you. 我的书比你的多得多。
much more用于修饰多音节形容词或副词,还可用于修饰不可数名词。如:
This park is much more beautiful than that one. 这个公园比那个公园漂亮得多。
He has made much more progress this year than last year. 他今年的进步比去年大得多。
y, get married 和 be married表结婚
Dmarry可作及物动词,后面直接接宾语;也可作不及物动词,后面常跟副词。如:
She/He is going to marry a doctor. 她/他将和一个医生结婚。 He married late. 他结婚晚。 She married well. 她嫁给了一个有钱人。
get married 和 be married为系表结构,后要加介词 to才能跟宾语。如:She was married to an English man. 她同一个英国人结了婚。
He got married to a friend of mine last year. 去年他和我的一个朋友结了婚。
2)marry,get married均表瞬时动作,不能与 for…/since等“段时间”连用。 be married表示状态,可与“段时间”连用。
如:他们结婚三十年了。 误: They have married (got married) for thirty years. 正: They have been married for thirty years.
film quickly made him famous. 这部电影使他很快成名。
make在此为使役动词,意为“使(做某事)”;‘驶(成为)”。其宾语后要接补足语。补足语可为:形容词、过去分词、名词、省略to的不定式。
1)make十宾语十形容词。如:We are doing our best to make our country even stronger. 我们在努力使我们国家更加强大。
2)make十宾语十过去分词。如:He spoke slowly in order to make himself understood. 他讲得很慢,以便大家能够听懂。
3)make 十宾语十名词(短语)。如:They made him their team leader. 他们推选他当了队长。
4)make十宾语十动词原形。如:They made me do it. 他们让我做那件事。
注意:如本句型用于被动语态,不定式前必须加to。如上句的被动语态为:I was made to do it.
on后的定语从句和表语从句的引导词。That 's the reason why (that, for which ) she left home.
l)定语从句:引导词在从句中作状语时,用why,that或for which 引导;作主语或宾语时,用that或which引导。如:
That 's the reason that / ( which ) he explained to us. 那就是她离家出走的原因。(作状语)
2)reason 作主语时,其后的表语从句用that引导(不可错用成 because)。如:
His health is getting worse and wore. The reason is that he drinks too much. 他的健康越来越差,原因是他喝酒太多。
m的用法
1)dream是可数名词,意为“梦”时,后跟about短语作定语;意为“梦想,愿望”时,后跟of短语作定语。如:
I had a dream about some elephants last night. 我昨晚梦见了一些大象。
His dream of visiting Beijing has come true. 他去北京的愿望实现了。
2)dream 作动词时,意为“做梦,梦见”,有以下三种用法:后跟同原名词作宾语;后跟of或about引起的介词短语;后跟that从句
He dreamed a bad dream last night. 他昨晚做了场恶梦。 I often dreamed of (about ) you. 我常梦见你。
I dreamed that I could fly. 我梦见我能飞翔。
3) 表示“想到”、“向往;渴望”时,后跟of短语。如:I never dreamt of seeing you here. 我没想到会在这儿见到你。
We dream of peace. 我们渴望和平。
8. “be十不定式”的用法
1)主语为 dream, wish, idea, job,work, duty ,plan等名词时,“be to do”是系表结构,表示主语是什么。不定式表示的动作在渭语动词之后发生。如:His wish was to be a teacher.他的愿望是当一名老师。
Their plan is to finish building the house within a week. 他们的计划是在一周内完成这房子。
2)主语是“人”时,“be to do”表示主语(计划、安排)干什么。如:
I'm to meet him at the station. 我将到火车站接他。 They are to be married. 他们将要结婚。
9. by the sea 和 by sea的区别。
by the sea意为“在海边”; by sea意为“乘船,走海路”。如:
Some children are playing by the sea. 一些孩子在海边玩。 We went to Japan by sea. 我们乘船去日本。
off“脱掉”;“起飞”;“很快上升”
John took off his hat as he entered the room. 约翰一边进屋子,一边脱下帽子。
The plane took off at 9 a.m. this morning. 那架飞机今晨九时起飞。
Sales of home computers have taken off in recent years. 家庭电脑的销售量近年来上升很快。
id的活用:
1)be afraid of +只作表语(一般不作定语),常用于以下句型:
be afraid of+名词/动名词(常担心不良后果,尤其是用于某事的发生是出乎以外的,或这事的发生不是我们所希望或乐意的,这时只能用 be afraid of doing)。如:I'm afraid of dogs. 我害怕狗。 He was afraid of failing in the exam. 他害怕考试不及格。
I'm afraid of making mistakes when I speak English. 我讲英语时总是怕出错。
2)be afraid to do常指害怕而没胆量去做 He was afraid to go back home alone in the evening. 晚上他害怕独自回家。
3)be afraid for“为……担心”。如:I'm afraid for your health. 我为你的健康担心。
4)be afraid that意为“认为,恐怕”等,用于有礼貌地表达可能令人不愉快的信息。如:I'm afraid that we can't come. 恐怕我们不能来。
的几种后置定语形式。
This is the best way to improve our English. 的后置定语有以下几种形式:
l)以不定式作定语。如:There is only one way of doing the work well. 这是提高我们英语水平的最好方法。
He was pleased with the way she had accepted his gifts. 只有一种能把这件事做好的方法。
the end和 at the end的区别
1) 表示“最终”、“终于”时,两者之间没有明显区别,通常可以互换。如:
In the end/At the end we find out the secret. 我们终于发现了这个秘密。
I hope everything will turn out all right in the end/at the end. 我希望最终一切都会顺利。
2)at the end后面常接 of介词短语,表示“在……的尽头;在……的末端”。In the end 的后面不能跟 Of短语。如:
At the end of the road you will find the hospital.在这条路的尽头,你会找到那家医院的。
I went to Paris at the end of last year. 我去年年底去了巴黎。
8. owe的多重含义
1)owe既可作“欠钱”、“负债”解,又可作“感激”、“感谢